Контрольная работа по английскому языку. Вариант 3 (2)

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Грамматика: Infinitive. Forms and Functions. Bare Infinitive

Infinitive Constructions: Objective, Nominative, For-to-Infinitive

Participle. Forms and Functions. Participial Constructions

Gerund. Gerundial Construction

Задание. 1. Перепишите предложения. Вставьте инфинитив в нужной форме и переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. The manager expected the work … properly. (to do)

A. to have doneC. to have been doneE. to do

B. to be doneD. to be doingF. to have been doing

2. When I entered the room the presenter seemed … the main findings of the study. (to summarize)

A. to summarizeC. to be summarizingE. to have summarized

B. to be summarizedD. to have been summarizedF. to have been summarizing

3. Sellers may increase quantity delivered under the terms of the agreement, always provided that Buyers have the option … such increase. (to refuse)

A. to have refusedC. to be refusingE. to refuse

B. to have been refusedD. to have been refusingF. to be refused

Задание. 2. Перепишите предложения, поставьте частицу to, где необходимо. Объясните причину отсутствия частицы to. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. The terms of delivery allow us … use all kinds of shipment.

2. He made us … wait for two hours.

3. The promissory note may … be made payable to the bearer, to a party named in the note, or to the order of the party named in the note.

Задание. 3. Перепишите предложения. Измените их, используя Infinitive вместо подчёркнутых слов. Переведите полученное предложение на русский язык.

1. The amount which is to be paid includes the cost of packing.

2. Mr. Peterson is the successful applicant who is necessary to complete security clearance.

3. There was no place of training where the skilled personal could get higher qualification.

Задание. 4. Перепишите предложения. Замените сложные предложения или группы предложений простыми предложениями с инфинитивным оборотом Complex Object. Переведите полученное предложение на русский язык.

1. I could hear it perfectly well. They were discussing the terms of the contract.

2. You signed all the documents. We supposed it.

3. The labor costs are definitely lower in China. We know it.

Задание. 5. Перепишите предложения. Закончите их, используя "for-to-Infinitive Construction". Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. There is a meeting (he; to attend).

2. The personal manager couldn’t wait (to come; the government training expert).

3. It was the right time (to set up; he; a company).

Задание. 6. Перепишите предложения с Complex Subject. Вставьте сказуемое в нужной форме и переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. The latest figures … to show that the project is within budget. (to seem)

2. He … to produce as many ideas as possible. (to be likely)

3. The shareholders … to have discussed the company’s annual report before 2 o’clock coffee-break. (to prove)

Задание. 7. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните инфинитивные обороты. Определите, какой инфинитивный оборот употреблён в предложении. Переведите предложение на русский язык, обращая внимание на  форму инфинитива.

1. The appointment is likely to be arranged tomorrow.

2. I hope each item or issue on the agenda to be introduced.

3. It is important for the goods to be delivered in time.

Задание. 8. Выберите правильный вариант перевода выделенной части предложения. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. Various competing groups and individuals employ scarce productive resources to produce various goods and services. 

A. конкурироватьC. конкурирующие

B. конкурировавшиеD. конкурируют

2. Individual consumers bargaining on the marketplace may influence resource allocation.

A. торговавшиесяC. торгующиеся

B. сторговавшиесяD. торгуясь 

3. The firm employing more employees increases profits by selling more goods and services. 

A. нанимаяC. наймёт

B. нанявD. нанимающая

Задание. 9. Выберите нужную форму Participle I. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1. Managers … goods direct the profits on the development of the firm.

A. distributingB. being distributedC. having been distributed

2. Employers … the company, try to increase the ability of work of their employees.

A. being runB. runningC. having runD. having been run

3. The nations … to overcome recession are cutting social spending.

A. tryingB. having been tried C. being tried

Задание. 10. Перепишите предложения. Замените выделенную часть предложения соответствующей формой Participle I. Переведите полученное предложение на русский язык.

1. The first art which man acquired is economics.

A. having acquiredB. acquiringC. being acquired

2. We use natural resources to produce goods and services which satisfy our need for food, shelter, and clothing.

A. being satisfied B. satisfyingC. having satisfied

3. There are now many branches of economics which has developed rapidly, 

A. having been developedB. being developedC. having developedD. developing

Задание. 11. Перепишите предложения. Определите, какой формой глагола является выделенное слово: Participle II или Past Simple. Переведите полученное предложения на русский язык.

1. We use the term mixed economy to economies with a significant component of both collectivism and free enterprise.

2. Entrepreneurs tried to increase the economic surplus of their business.

3. Traditionally, business simply meant exchange or trade for things.

Задание. 12. Перепишите предложения. Вставьте Participle I или Participle II. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The system … on private exchange and some government ownership and allocation is called … economy.(to base; to mix)

2. Farm products … by the government are sold on artificially low prices. (to subsidize)

3. Products … from a factory to the market place are known as goods (to move). 

Задание. 13. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните причастные обороты. Переведите предложение на русский язык, обращая внимание на форму причастия.

1. The president was seen coming to the meeting of the company.

2. We find the definition completed.

3. I heard him calling to the company manager. 

Задание. 14. Перепишите предложения. Определите, чем является выделенное слово: Participle I, Gerund, Verbal Noun. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

A) The firm increases profits by selling more goods and services. 

B) Economics teaches principles that are used in everyday trading transactions. 

C) To make optimum use of resources is the ultimate goal of economics from the very beginning. 

Задание. 15. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните герундиальные обороты. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на форму герундия.

• They insisted on the manager’s coming at once.

• We objected to our changing the job.

• She doesn’t mind her business’ selling new goods in the marketplace.

Задание. 16. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.

I. То be competitive, manufacturers must keep the costs of input down. That is, the costs of workers, machinery, and so on must be kept as low as possible. One of the most important decisions that will need to be made by a firm is where to locate production.

II. One of the major issues of the 1980s and 1990s is the shift of manufacturing facilities from one city or state to another. One major reason some producers move is the availability of the right kind of labor and cheap labor. Even though labor cost is becoming a smaller percentage of the total costs in some industries, cheap labor remains a key reason for many less technologically advanced producers to move their plants.

Cheaper resources are another major reason for moving production facilities. Companies often need water, electricity, wood, coal, and other basic resources. By moving to areas where such resources are cheap and plentiful, costs can be lowered significantly - not only the cost of buying such resources, but the cost of shipping as well. Water shortages in the West of the U.S., for example, often discourage the location of manufacturing plants there.

III. One reason businesses sometimes choose to remain in big cities is because that's where their customers are. By locating close to their customers, businesses lower the costs of transportation and can be more responsive to customer needs for service. Today, the new, smaller, high-tech production firms are located on the fringes of large cities where they can serve their customers.

The cost of land is becoming a more critical factor in choosing a plan location. Some businesses are forced to leave cities where land is expensive and move to rural areas where land is much cheaper.

IV. Today, another big incentive to locate or relocate in a particular city is the tax situation and government support. Some states have higher taxes than others. Some states and cities even give tax incentives and other support, sue! as zoning changes and financial aid, so that businesses will locate there. Some cities attract business by designing industrial parks. An industrial park is a planned area where businesses can find land, shipping facilities, and waste disposal outlets so they can build a manufacturing plant or storage facility.

V. Naturally, some places are more attractive than others because of climate, educational facilities, and other factors.

In summary, then, businesses today are trying to cut production costs and improve lifestyles. They locate their plants considering all the factors when selecting a site.

D)  Перепишите в тетрадь и переведите письменно III часть текста.

E) Найдите слова в тексте к следующим определениям:

1. A factor that remains a key reason for many less technologically advanced producers to move their plants.

2. A planned area fully equipped with all the necessary facilities for business.

3. Those who decide the location of manufacturing plants.

F) Ответьте на вопросы, используя информацию из текста.

1. What factors would you consider selecting a site for a manufacturing plant?

2. What industries will not be located in your area?

3. Does government offer any kind of support for entrepreneurs?

G)В какой части текста говорится 

1. о том, что климатические условия влияют на размещение производства?

2. о том, что себестоимость продукции должна быть максимально низкой?

3. о создании индустриальных парков?

H) Определите, является ли данное предложение: истинным, ложным или в тексте нет об этом информации.

1. There is no need for companies to move the manufacturing plants to the nearest place to basic resources.

2. Some students often protest against location of nuclear industry plants in densely populated areas.

3. It is very important for a company to make a decision on location of production.

I) Определите главную мысль текста.

1. Major industries in the USA.

2. Reasons for tax incentives.

3. Location of production.