Контрольная работа по английскому языку (4)

Краткое описание

1. Письменно переведите письмо на русский язык.

Dear Sirs

Thank you for your letter giving us details of the products we enquired about.

The main item we are interested in is the kitchen unit in the catalogue under the heading CM214.

Please let us know what your terms of trade are. Could you also tell us if you are able to offer discounts on the price for a large order?

We would also be grateful for samples of all materials used in the manufacture of your units.

I am looking forward to your reply.

Yours faithfully

Jack Simon

2. Поставьте фразы в нужном порядке.

Dear Sirs,

1) We thank you for your letter and

2) As to the price

3) We are sending our

4) are pleased to give you all the particulars

5) The prices for these goods are going up

6) samples by separate mail.

7) Concerning the purchase of Chipboard from us.

8) we cannot agree with you that it is high.

9) on the world market.

10) However, as we hope to establish

11) a 5 percent discount.

12) our goods are of superior quality and

13) Yours truly…

14) close business relations with you we could grant you

15) in our General Terms and Conditions.

16) All earlier terms are stated

3. Заполните пропуски соответствующими глаголами переписав письмо.

1. have not arrived

2. have contacted

3. have not had

4. have informed

5. found

6. received

7. showed

8. unpacked

9. was torn

10. were damaged

C. R. Mendez S. A.

Avda. Del Ejercito 83    E-48015 Bilbao

The Sales Manager                                 15 October 20…

Seymore Furniture Ltd.

Tib Steet

Maidenhead

Berks. SL65DS

Dear Mr. Harrison

I am writing to complain about a shipment of office furniture we ________ yesterday against our invoice no. G 3190/1. The crates _______ on the outside, and looked as if they had been roughly handled. When we ______ them, we _______ that some of the chair legs were bent and rusty, and the fabric on the seating ______, or _______ signs of wear. Two further crates from the consignment ______ yet, so we _____ the opportunity of inspecting them. 

I _____ the shipping company that we cannot accept this consignments from you, and they ______ your insurers.

As we will be unable to retail this consignment in our stores, we are returning the shipment to you carriage forward, and we shall expect a full refund.

Yours sincerely,

C. R. Mendez

Managing Director

4. Переведите следующий диалог.

Mr. Carrington: Good morning, Mr. Belov.

Mr. Belov: Good morning Mr. Carrington. Will you take a seat, please?

Mr. Carrington:  Thank you.

Mr. Belov: Would you like some coffee?

Mr. Carrington:  Yes, please. Well, Mr. Belov, we’ve received your draft contract. It’s quite acceptable, but I’d like to clarify some points.

Mr. Belov: What are they?

Mr. Carrington:  First of all, I must say your CIF terms of delivery don’t suit us.

Mr. Belov: Do you want to have FOB terms?

Mr. Carrington:  That would be much better.

Mr. Belov: I think we will be able to change the terms of delivery. But I’ll have to contact my people and discuss this matter with them.

Mr. Carrington: That’s fine. And now let’s get down to the delivery dates. They aren’t quite suitable.

Mr. Belov:  We are able to deliver the equipment within 10 months from the date of signing the contract.

Mr. Carrington:  Oh, but could you reduce the delivery period to 8 months? It’s very important.

Mr. Belov:  I think we can arrange it and you won’t have to take part deliveries. By the way, would you like to visit our manufacturing plant and see the equipment in operation?

Mr. Carrington:  With pleasure.

Mr. Belov:  Then one of our engineers will meet you at the hotel at 10 tomorrow.

Mr. Carrington:  That will be fine. Thank you. See you tomorrow.

Mr. Belov:  Good-bye, Mr. Carrington.

5. Перепишите диалог, заполнив пропуски данными ниже выражениями.

Mr. Brown: Good morning Mr. Severov.

Mr. Severov: Good morning, Mr. Brown. Happy to meet again. How are things with you?

Mr. Brown: I’m fine, thank you. And how are you?

Mr. Severov: Pretty well, thanks. How long have you been here?

Mr. Brown: Since Sunday.

Mr. Severov: Where are you staying?

Mr. Brown: _________ at the Metropol Hotel. We are very comfortable there.

Mr. Severov: That’s nice. How long are you going to stay here?

Mr. Brown: It will _______ on our discussions. I think we can get down to business. We’ve studied _________ for the delivery of complete equipment very closely.

Mr. Severov: How do you find them? 

Mr. Brown: The equipment suits us, we need it badly and we are prepared _____.

Mr. Severov: Glad to hear that, Mr. Brown.

Mr. Brown: But I’d like to settle some points first. You see, your prices are too high, I’m afraid. Can you ______?

Mr. Severov: I don’t think we can do that. Our equipment is _______ and we have already sold lots of equipment at these prices to our customers this year.

Mr. Brown: We are _______ and know that the prices _______. Nevertheless, your prices are too high.

Mr. Severov: Well, Mr. Brown, we’ll see what we can do about it. 

Mr. Brown: Thank you.

Mr. Severov:  We _______ with you for more than 6 years and hope you will meet our request.

1. in close touch with the world market

2. reduce them

3. depend

4. your offer and your contract form

5. in great demand

6. we are staying

7. have done business

8. to place a big order

9. have recently gone up

6. Поставьте реплики из диалогов в правильном порядке.

1.

 - Have you seen it in operation?

- Yes, we’ve sold it to many firms abroad.

- Yes, we have. Is this model for export?

- Yes, we’ve just seen your display. Your latest model of equipment is excellent.

- Have you been to our pavilion?

2.

- Have you signed the contract yet?

- Yes, we have a finished the modifications and are going to deliver the equipment.

- Not yet. We are still discussing the prices.

- Yes, that problem was settled not long ago.

- Have you studied the manner of payment?

- I hear you are having talks with a delegation from Spain.

3.

- When will the equipment be tested?

- Yes, certainly.

- Any time.

- When can I visit your manufacturing plant?

- Can you make arrangements for that day?

- I think, next Monday.

Прочитайте деловые письма, переведите их на русский язык в письменной форме.

Business letter № 1.

Dear Mr. Pigeons

 I would like to apologize for approaching you so late. I am namely very much interested in your scientific conference but unfortunately. I could not notify you  earlier as I was away on a long-term business trip to India I hope you will find it possible to include me in the list of conference guests. I would be grateful to rake an opportunity to make a report, relating to important problem. But I would like to get some information about the time limits and volume of report. Also I would ask you to provide me with accommodation during my stay in Alexandria. If there are any difficulties with accommodation, I could try and find something myself. I have a poster about some new trends in trade applied successfully in India.

Yours sincerely,

Bob Brown

Business letter № 2.

Dear Sirs

During our visit to the Brussels Universal and International Exhibition we were very impressed by Russia Pavilion and had an opportunity of seeing the various machine-tools exhibition there. We examined with interest your Machine Model LP-87 and consider that there will be a good demand for this machine in the UK. We are members of the British Association of Machine Tools Merchants and have many contacts with the users of this type of machine.

We should therefore be grateful to you could send a detailed quotation together with booklets fully describing the machine. Please state in your quotation what time of delivery you guarantee and what resale discount you could grant.

We look forward with interest to receiving your answer.

Yours faithfully

Business letter № 3.

Dear Mr. Smith

I am writing to let you know that I shall be visiting Britain during the coming month.

I am sure are aware that our Institute is one of the four Russian institutes designated to provide specialist training for talented engineers – programmers. I am sending information about my institute, and we would like to know more about your firm.

I will arrive in London on Monday 2 December and spend five days there.

The reason for my writing is to express a wish to spear to you while I am in London. I hope it will be convenient to visit your office at a mutually convenient moment. Today I do not have the precise details of my visit, but I will let you have this as soon as possible.

I do hope we shall meet shortly.

Yours sincerely

Alexander Petrov

Sales Manager

Business letter № 4.

Dear Sirs

On the 15th September we found it necessary to apply a 10 per cent advance to our list prices. This advance was due to the rise prices of raw materials and other increased charges.

As we find now the increase in production costs has not been so high as we had at first expected, we are pleased to advise you that the 10% advance will be reduced to 2,5% forthwith.

In connection with the above, we refer to our tender of the 1st November for the devices and hope that you will be able to give your order which will have our most careful attention.

Yours faithfully

Business letter № 5.

Dear Mr. Smith

Thank you very much for your invitation to your scientific conference. I have great pleasure in accepting it and I am looking forward to meeting interesting people and listening to interesting reports.

If it is available, I would be happy to take part in this conference as a reporter with a brief “Alternative technologies of combat automatization”. That problem was a subject of my explorations for the last three years, so I could give some special data on this theme. In case of your agreement I will need some additional information about time and volume limits for the report. Also I would be grateful if you could book accommodations for two persons (for me and my secretary).

I am looking forward to your early reply.

Your sincerely,

I. Ivanov

Business letter № 6.

 Dear Sirs

We acknowledge with thanks receipt of your of the 16th October for Machine show to your representatives in Samara and are glad to learn that in your opinion there should be a good demand for such machines in the U. K.

We regret, however, to advise you that these machines are not yet available for sale. As you are aware, this model represents a new design and before being put on the market is undergoing final service tests at number of engineering plants in this country. We believe that the results of the tests will have been summarized by the end of this year. As soon as the machine is available for sale, we shall not fail to revert to your enquiry.

Meantime we remain

yours faithfully…

Business letter № 7.

 Ottawa, 25th May, 20…

Dear Sirs

At the suggestion of Mr. AB. Ivanov, the Commercial Counselor of Russian Embassy in Canada, we write to enquire whether you could supply us with your goods.

We are wholesalers and normally draw our supplies the U.S.A., the U. K., India and Czechia. From the last-named country we have been buying annually gods to the value of about $ 150, 000.

Please let know the types of goods available for export from Russia sending us samples and advising us of your prices and terms. We do not restrict our purchases to special types and are interested in all your goods.

We look forward with interest to your reply.

Your faithfully, …. 

Business letter № 8.

 Contract No. 65

Dear Sirs

We acknowledge receipt of your letter of the 27th of November together with a copy of a letter from “Sirius”, Moscow, and have noted their contents.

We wish to inform you that the increase of the cargo by 500 tons as requested by the Sellers would practically mean to us storage expenses on the above quantity for a period of at least two weeks, as the requirement of our partners for the coming month are fully covered by the quantity originally stipulated in the contract.

Nevertheless we are willing to increase the cargo up to 6,500 tons, 10 per cent more or less, provided “Sinus” agrees to ship the cargo not later than the 12th December.

Yours faithfully,

Business letter № 9.

Dear Sirs

We require new technical equipment and would ask to send us your tender in accordance with the specifications and technical conditions enclosed, stating:

1. The lowest price of the equipment without foundation plate.

2. The price of the foundation plate.

3. The time of delivery

4. The terms of payment

5. The overall dimensions and weight of the equipment

We also request you to send us a list of spare parts stating the price of each part separately.

The price for the equipment should be quoted by you both free of your works and free on board English port.

Your offer should be accompanied by specifications, drawings and publications giving a full description of the equipment as well by a list firms to whom have supplied equipment similar to that required by us.

Your tender all with all enclosures should reach us by the 20th May at the latest.

Business letter № 10.

London, 16th June, 20…

Dear Sirs

In reply to your letter  of yesterday’s date, we wish to inform you that V/O “Rosimport”, Moscow, have decided to waive the inspection of the fourth… Machine against the above order and have requested us to release the machine for shipment on the basis of the test performed at your works.

It is self understood that the final inspection and test of the machine will take place in Russia at the works of the Clients of Rosimport in accordance with the terms of the order.

We are sending you out Release for Shipment in triplicate, shipping instructions will be sent to you in due course by the Shipping Agents of Rosimport.

Your faithfully,

Business letter № 11.

Moscow, 20th October, 20…

Dear Sirs

We refer to the recent business discussions with your Manning Director Mr. Write here in Moscow, and in accordance with the agreement reached we request you to send us your tender in triplicate for two sets of machinery for our plant, as per specification enclosed.

The price, net weight and overall dimensions of each machine and each item separately must be indicated in the offer. Your quotation should also include two sets of rapidly wearing out parts.

We request you to enclose with your offer copies of your publications and drawings containing a full technical description of each machine included in the tender.

We await your quotation with interest.

Your faithfully,

  Business letter № 12.

25th February, 20….

Dear Sirs

We read your advertisement in the “PC World” of 25th December. We are interested in buying your equipment for producing microchips. Would you kindly send us more information about this equipment:

- price (please quote GIF Moscow price);

- dates of delivery;

- terms of payment;

- guarantees;

- in the price includes the cost of equipment installation and our staff training.

Our company specializes in distributing microchips in Russia. We have more than 50 deals and representatives in different regions and would like to start producing microchips in Russia. If your equipment meets our requirements, and we receive a favorable reference, we will be able to place a large order for your equipment.

Your early reply would be appreciated.

Your faithfully,

Business letter № 13.

 

Dear Mr. Al Mazroui

The Rosexport state corporation has the pleasure to invite you to participate in an international exhibition Russian ExpoArms 20…, held in Nizhniy Tagil, Russia from 26 September to 3 October. To be able to make all necessary arrangements in good time, we would be grateful for following information:

- would you like to make a report (if yes, we would be happy to get the brief as soon as possible);

- would you like to meet any Russian Businessmen and engineers (if yes, let us know about their names and they firms).

Also send us the full postal and telegraphic addresses for including your company to the exhibition catalogue.

Your faithfully,

Business letter № 14.

 Dear Mr. Ivanov

Thank you for your inquiring about the possibility of doing research in the Department of General Sciences at our University.

We are interested in your research and would be happy to help you in any way we can. We would suggest that you apply to the Scientific Fund for financial support. In doing so you should send us a full resume of your assistants, and of course, a well-defined research proposal. May be, it would be a good idea to send your letter to Foreign Office in London and find out whether they could organize some charity assistance to Know-How Fund, especially created for helping scientists and practicians from different countries.

In the meantime we would find it most helpful if you could send us a copy of your stuff resumes.

We hope it will be possible to arrange something for you.

Yours sincerely,

Doctor Edward Riding

Business letter № 15.

Moscow, 18th June, 20…

Dear Sirs

We thank you for letter of the 15th July on the possibility of developing trading relations between your company and “Rosexport”.

We shall be very pleased to meet your Managing Director Mr. James Robinson and negotiate with him here in Moscow.

As to the time of Mr. Robinson’s visit we regret that our Vice – President Mr. Ivanov and the Manage of our Export Department Mr. Petrov, who are dealing with matter, will be away from Moscow at the beginning of August. We suggest therefore that Mr. Robinson should visit Moscow after the 15th August if this time is convenient for him.

We should be obliged for an early reply.

Yours faithfully

Text 1. ECONOMICS AS A SCIENCE

Although the content and character of economics cannot be described briefly, numerous writers have attempted that. An especially useless, though once popular, example is: “Economics is what economists do”.

A notable economist of the last century Alfred Marshall called economics “a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life”. Lionel Robbins in the 1930s described as “the science of choice among scare means accomplish unlimited ends”.

In the 19th century economics was called simply “the science of wealth”. Like every other discipline that attempts to explain observed facts (e.g. physics, astronomy), economics comprises a vast collection of descriptive material organized around a central core of theoretical principles.

Economics deals with data on income, employment, expenditure, interest rates, prices, consumption, transportation and trade. Economics deals directly with only a tiny fraction of the whole spectrum of human behavior, and so the range of problems considered by economists is relatively narrow. Contrary to popular opinion, economics does not normally include such things as personal finance, ways to start a small business.

Questions:

1) Who has attempted to describe the content and character of economics?

2) What definition was given by Alfred Marshall?

3) What definition was given by Lionel Robins?

4) What definitions of economics do you know?

5) What does economics deal with?

6) What does economics deal with?

Text 2. WHAT IS ECONOMICS?

Economics deals with problem of scarcity and choice that have faced societies and nations throughout history, but development of modern economists began in the 17th century. Since that time economists have developed methods for studying and explaining how individuals, businesses and nations use their available economic resources.

One of the things that people discover every day is that you can’t have everything. You are reminded of it every time you shop. Although you may see twenty or thirty items that you would really like to buy, you know that you will have to limit your selection to one or two. Everyone goes through life having to make choices.

Every business must choice from among the things they would like to have because they cannot have everything. Governments, too, cannot have every think. Every year the most important political debates concern question about spending taxpayer’s money.

Neither individuals nor societies can have all the things they would like to have. Economists note that there is no limit to the amount or kinds of things that people want. There is, however, a limit to the resources available to satisfy those wants.

To summarize: human wants are unlimited, but the resources necessary to satisfy those wants are limited. Thus, every society is faced with the identical problem, the problem of scarcity.

Everyone – individuals, business firms and government – needs to make choices from among the things they want. In the process they will try to economize, to get the most from what they have. With this in mind, we can define economics as the social science that describes and analyzes haw society chooses from among scarce resources to satisfy its wants.

Questions:

1) What problem does economics deal with?

2) When did development of modern economics begun?

3) What methods have economists developed?

4) What thing do people discover every day?

5) What do economists note?

Text 3. MICROECONOMICS AND MACROECONOMICS.

 Economists have two ways looking at economics and economy. One is the macro approach, and the other is the micro. Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole; microeconomics is the study of individual consumers and the business firm.

Macroeconomics examines questions such as how fast economy is running; how much overall output is being generated; how much total income. It also seeks solutions to macroeconomic problems such as how employment can be increased, and what can be done to increase the output of goods and services.

Microeconomics examines cause-and-effect relationships that influence choices of individuals, business firms and society. It is concerned with things such as scarcity, choice and opportunity costs, and with production and consumption. Principal emphasis is given by macroeconomists to the study of prices and their relationship to units in the economy.

Questions:

1) How can economists examine economics and economy?

2) What is macroeconomics?

3) What is microeconomics?

4) What question and problems does macroeconomics examine?

5) What questions and problems does microeconomics examine?

Text 4. FACTORS OF PRODUCTION.

The resources that go into creation of goods and services are called the factors of production. The factors of production include natural resources, human resources, capital and entrepreneurship. Each factor of production has a place in economic system, and each has a particular function.

Natural resources or “land”. Natural resources are the things provided are nature that go into the creation of goods and services. They include such things as minerals, wildlife and timber resources. Economists also use the term “land” when they speak of natural resources as a factor of production. The price paid for the use of land is called rent. Rent becomes income to the owner of the land.

Human resources or “labor”. Economists call the physical and mental effort that people put into the creation of goods and services labor. The price paid for the use of labor is called wages. Wages represent income to workers, who own their labor.

Capital. To the economist, physical capital is something created by people other goods and services. A factory, tools and machine are capital resources because they can be used to produce other goods and services. The term “capital” is often used by business people to refer to money they can use to buy factories, machinery and other similar productive resources. Payment for the use of someone else’s money, or capital, is called interest.

Entrepreneurship. Closely associated with labor is the concept of entrepreneurship, the managerial or organization skills needed by most firms to produce goods and services. The entrepreneur brings together the other three factors of production. When they are successful, entrepreneurs earn profits. When they are not successful, they suffer losses. The reward to entrepreneurs for the risks, innovation ideas and efforts that they have put into the business, they obtain the money that after remains the owners of land, labor and capital have received their payments.

Questions:

1) What is called the factor of the production?

2) What do the factors of the production include?

3) What is called as natural resources?

4) What do natural include?

5) What do human resources include?

6) What is called as human resources?

7) What is a capital?

8) What does capital include?

9) What is entrepreneurship?